Tungsten alloys also named tungsten heavy alloys because of the heavier weight of tungsten alloy more than 2 times than iron or steel it is.

Tungsten heavy alloys illustrate the advantages of microencapsulated powders. Tungsten heavy alloys generally are refractory metal which have two-phase composites consisting of W-Ni-Fe or W-Ni- Cu or even W-Ni-Cu-Fe, some tungsten alloy is added rare earth and/or other metals as Co、Mo、Cr, etc. Tungsten heavy alloy have very high melting point and have a density twice that of steel and are more than 50% heavier than lead. Tungsten content in conventional tungsten heavy alloys varies from 90 to 98 weight percent and is the reason for their high density (between 16.5 and 19.00g/cc). Nickel, iron and/or copper serve as a metal binder matrix, which holds the brittle tungsten grains together and which makes tungsten alloys ductile and easy to machine. Nickel-iron is the most popular additive, in a ratio of 7Ni:3Fe or 8Ni:2Fe (weight ratio).

The popular processing of preparing tungsten heavy alloys includes mixing the desired amount of elemental tungsten, iron, nickel or copper powders, followed by cold pressing and liquid phase sintering to almost full density. The matrix tungsten alloy melts and takes some tungsten into solution during liquid phase processing, resulting in a microstructure through which large tungsten grains (20–60µm) are dispersed in the matrix alloy. The as-sintered material often is subjected to thermo mechanical processing by swaging and aging, which results in increased strength and hardness in the tungsten heavy alloys. The majority of current uses for tungsten heavy alloys are best satisfied with the W-Ni-Fe system. Tungsten alloys such as 93W-4.9Ni-2.lFe and 95W-4Ni-lFe represent common compositions. The addition of cobalt to a W-Ni-Fe alloy is a common approach for slight enhancement of both strength and ductility. The presence of cobalt within the tungsten alloys provides solid-solution strengthening of the binder and slightly enhanced tungsten-matrix interfacial strength. Cobalt additions of 5 to 15% of the nominal binder weight fraction arc most common. 

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